Quinine Sulfate

Chemical Structure / Formula of Quinine Sulfate

  • Formula: C₂₀H₂₄N₂O₂ · H₂SO₄
  • Structure: A quinoline nucleus with an attached quinuclidine ring.

Quinine Sulfate

Mechanism of Action

  • Interferes with heme polymerization in the malaria parasite, leading to toxic heme accumulation and parasite death.
  • Also interferes with DNA synthesis in Plasmodium spp.

Uses of Quinine Sulfate

  • Severe malaria (especially against chloroquine-resistant falciparum).
  • Nocturnal leg cramps (off-label).

Side Effects

  • Cinchonism (tinnitus, dizziness, headache, nausea).
  • Hypoglycemia (stimulates insulin release).
  • Hemolysis in G6PD deficiency (Blackwater fever).
  • QT prolongation (cardiac toxicity).

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