Amphotericin B

Chemical Structure / Formula of Amphotericin B

  • Formula: C₄₇H₇₃NO₁₇
  • Structure: A polyene macrolide with a hydrophilic and hydrophobic region.

Amphotericin B

Mechanism of Action

  • Binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes, creating pores that lead to leakage of ions (K+, Mg2+), causing fungal cell death.

Uses of Amphotericin B

  • Systemic fungal infections:
    • Aspergillosis, Histoplasmosis, Cryptococcosis, Mucormycosis.
    • Candida infections (severe, invasive cases).

Side Effects

  • Nephrotoxicity (dose-dependent, reversible).
  • Infusion reactions (fever, chills, hypotension).
  • Electrolyte imbalance (hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia).

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