Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)

Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) are infections transmitted through sexual contact caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites.

Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)

• Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), also known as sexually transmitted infections (STIs), are infections spread through sexual contact, including:
  • Vaginal sex
  • Anal sex
  • Oral sex
• STDs can affect all genders and may lead to serious health issues if left untreated.

Common STDs and Their Treatments

1. Chlamydia

• Bacterial infection causing genital discharge, burning urination, and pelvic pain
• Can lead to infertility if untreated

Treatment:

• • Azithromycin (single dose)
  • Doxycycline (7-day course)

2. Gonorrhoea

• Bacterial infection with symptoms similar to chlamydia, along with fever, joint pain, and skin rashes
• Can also lead to infertility

Treatment:

• • Ceftriaxone (injection)
  • Azithromycin or Doxycycline (for co-infections like chlamydia)

3. Syphilis

• Bacterial infection causing sores, rashes, and fever
• May lead to serious complications if untreated

Treatment:

• • Penicillin (preferred, injection)
  • Doxycycline or Tetracycline (if allergic to penicillin)

4. Herpes

• Viral infection causing blisters/sores around genitals, anus, or mouth
• Virus remains in the body and may cause recurring outbreaks

Treatment:

• • Acyclovir (oral/topical)
  • Valacyclovir (oral)
  • Famciclovir (oral)

5. Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

• Viral infection causing genital warts and associated with cervical and other cancers

Treatment:

• • Genital warts: Topical creams (e.g., imiquimod), cryotherapy, or laser surgery
  • Precancerous lesions: Cryotherapy, LEEP, or cone biopsy
  • Cancer: Depends on stage (surgery, chemotherapy, radiation)

6. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

• Viral infection that weakens the immune system and can lead to AIDS

Treatment:

• • Antiretroviral Therapy (ART)
    • Combination of at least 3 drugs
    • Reduces viral replication and preserves immune function

STD Prevention

• Use condoms during sexual activity
• Get vaccinated for HPV
• Regular STI screenings
• Maintain open communication with partners about sexual health

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